Biographies of Karl Marx and Frederich Engels Essay -- Marx Engels Bio

Biographies of Karl Marx and Frederich Engels Karl Marx and Frederich Engels collaborated to introduce the liberal ideas of Communism. The Communist Manifesto was their byproduct that was introduced in January of 1828. Marx and Engels lives were drastically different from each other, although they both hold upon the fundamental ideas of it. Marxs idea of being an individual stemmed from the life that he lived. Marx found that his ideas were often not accepted in various societies exclusively this did not stop him from professing them. Marx found that his personal ideas could be expressed freely, not in his own country, but in other countries. This soon became a problem because his homeland of Germany tried to oppress him through pressure. Engels life was different because of the family that he came from. Engels was born into the life of a middle-upper class family that allowed him more freedom in his life. Engels found that his individual ideas were accepted from the start but he w as not as liberal as Marx. With the experiences and oppression that the men faced for their ideas, it is amazing to obtain how the Communism Manifesto was established.Karl Marx (1818- 1883) Karl Marx is an intriguing and fascinating man. He was born on May 5, 1818 from two German Jewish parents. Marxs father was a giving lawyer in Trier. Marxs father converted to Lutheranism to safeguard his livelihood. This event did influence Marxs later view of religion and conformism. His mother was from a coherent line of rabbis, but these religious beliefs played a small role in his life. He was baptized at age six, but this was the extent his fulfil with religion as a child, which prevailed later in his life as he proclaimed himself an atheist. Marx stu... ...Both Marx and Engels believed that the individual should not be repressed in a governmental system. Their thoughts on these ideas came from the events that shaped their lives. Together the dynamite combination of Marx and Engels cre ated a Communist theory that shaped society.Notesi Carver, Terrell ed., The Cambridge Companion to Marx (United States Cambridge University Press, 1991), 4-6.ii Koren, Henry J., Marx and the Authentic Man (Pittsburgh, PA Duquesne University Press, 1967), 1.iii Lenin, Biographical Article on Frederich Engels, Engels Biography by Lenin, (10 March 2002).iv Brian Basgen, Karl Marx By Frederick Engels, Karl Marx Biography, (08 March 2002).

History of Frogs :: essays papers

History of FrogsA Frog is a small, tail less animal that has bulging eyes. some all frogs have long back legs. The strong hind legs make the frog able to leap farther than the length of its consistency. Frogs live on both continent except Antarctica, but tropical regions have the greatest number of species. Frogs are classified as amphibians. Most amphibians, including most frogs, spend part of their vitality as a water animal and part as a land animal. Frogs are related to toads, but are resistent from them in a few ways. The giant frog of west-central Africa ranks as the largest frog. It measures nearly a foot (30 centimeters) long. The smallest species grow only 1/2 inch (1.3 centimeters) long. Frogs also differ in color. Most kinds are green or brown, but some have colorful markings. Although different species may vary in size or color, almost all frogs have the same basic body structure. They have large hind legs, short front legs, and a flat head and body with no neck. Adu lt frogs have no tail, though one North American species has a short, tail like structure. Most frogs have a steaming tongue attached to the front part of the mouth. They can rapidly flip out the tongue to capture prey. Frogs have such internal organs as a heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys. Some of the internal organs differ from those of higher animals. A frogs heart has three chambers instead of four. And although mature frogs breathe by way of lungs, they also breathe through their skin. The eggs of different species vary in size, color, and shape. A gel like substance covers frog eggs, providing a protective coating. This jelly also differs from species to species. Some species of frogs lay several thousand eggs at a time. But only a few of these eggs develop into adult frogs. Ducks, fish, insects, and other water creatures eat many of the eggs. Even if the eggs hatch, the tadpoles also face the danger of being eaten by larger water animals. The pond or stream in which the eg gs were laid sometimes dries up. As a result, the tadpoles die. Certain tropical frogs lay their eggs in rain water that collects among the leaves of plants or in holes in trees. Other tropical species attach their eggs to the underside of leaves that grow over water.

Hidden Curriculum Essay -- essays research papers

Hidden Curriculum Education is designed to serve many purposes towards the early dayss of today. It teaches the youth how to be better people and it prep ars them for life. Education teaches its pupils knowledge in more that one way, by looking at life in different directions. on that point is a curriculum that is taught by the teachers and the textbooks, and in addition to the standard schooling there is also a hidden curriculum. Gatto and Rose each have their bear style of teaching and learning and their articles explain their unique styles. In college, high school, and even previous schooling, lessons are taught that enforce hidden instruction, but the students that succeed are the ones that recognize this and learn from it.In the article The Seven-Lesson Schoolteacher, written by the teacher John Taylor Gatto, he sarcastically talks about how he secretly teaches his students lessons in life without their knowing. His messages teach important things in life such as patience an d organization. Gattos lessons like these are important for people to learn in school, but they cannot be taught out of a book or in a lesson. He believes these types of lessons must be taught to children within hidden messages to make it easier to learn. Gatto is oratory the truth when he says that the lesson plans of teachers contain much hidden curriculum. For example, Gatto jokingly says that he teaches confusion as one of these mysterious le...

School Violence Essay -- School Violence Essays

On April 20, 1999 Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold opened fire on Columbine heights killing twelve fellow classmates and one teacher. School violence changes our youths morals. From bullying to peer pressure, youth are exposed to school violence everyday. What is school violence? School violence varies from accounts of death, homicide, suicide, weapon related violence, in the US. (c1) School violence can occur to and from school, while attending a school sponsored event, on a bus, or at an activity.Violence in school goes back to the 1800s. The first publicly funded schools for delinquents was built in Massachussettes during 1847. In 1899 Illinois established the first statewide tourist court for children. During the 1900s progressive education movements challenge, emphasized on strict discipline in public schools. (b19) In the 1940s teachers still supported the use of progressive education, still there was an uproar in juvenile delinquency after World War Two. The 1960s courts expanded the use of human rights and process protections to students. School began to deal security, and monitoring devices, to protect schools from vandalism, and burglary. The 1990s sparked congress to create a gun-free school zone(b18), by making it illegal to bring guns within 1,000 feet of any school. In 1995 violence for juveniles reached the top at a rapid growth, then declined. Violence has become the growing problem in the United States today. School violence is the se...

The History of the Corset Essay -- History Women Feminism

Throughout history, a persons economic and hearty rank could be shown through what clothes they wore. In ancient Egypt, a person of upper class was permitted by law to wear sandals on the harsh, ravage floor. Because of these laws, female-confining ideals arose. For example, the Greeks and Romans controlled the type, color, and number of undergarments worn by women and the kind of fabric dcor used on them. The torso became the sculpting block of feminine beauty. This was the beginning of the corset, a restraining, essential head in the womens attire through the 19th century. During the Renaissance period, the corset resembled a cone, as it was small at the waist and uplifting at the bosom. It broaden from the underarm to just below the waist. The typical females corset was made stiff with metal or wood. Again, a woman of higher efficient or social standing would have one made special with whalebone. During this time and through the Romantic period, a woman was put to shame if sh e was implant absent of a corset or her waist size was not small enough. At that period in time, a 15 to 18 border waist was acceptable. Anything exceeding those measurements was thought to be absurd. Thusly, restricting corsets were the norm and often resulted in physical deformities. For example, rib cages were often cracked or grew warped due(p) to constricting corsets. The corset was found rigid and compressing in the 1700s. Early 1800s brought some enlightening change Mantua dresses were m...

The History of the Corset Essay -- History Women Feminism

Throughout history, a persons economic and social invest could be shown through what clothes they wore. In ancient Egypt, a person of upper class was permitted by law to wear sandals on the harsh, desert floor. Because of these laws, female-confining ideals arose. For example, the Greeks and Romans controlled the type, color, and shape of undergarments worn by women and the kind of fabric dcor used on them. The torso became the sculpting block of feminine beauty. This was the beginning of the corset, a restraining, essential item in the womens attire through the 19th century. During the Renaissance period, the corset resembled a cone, as it was small at the stem and uplifting at the bosom. It extended from the underarm to just below the waist. The typical females corset was made stiff with metal or wood. Again, a woman of higher economical or social standing would have one made special with whalebone. During this time and through the Romantic period, a woman was put to shame if s he was found absent-minded of a corset or her waist size was not small enough. At that period in time, a 15 to 18 inch waist was acceptable. Anything exceeding those measurements was thought to be absurd. Thusly, restricting corsets were the norm and often resulted in physical deformities. For example, rib cages were often cracked or grew warped due to confining corsets. The corset was found rigid and compressing in the 1700s. Early 1800s brought some enlightening change Mantua dresses were m...

Gll Wonton

Gll Wonton Gll wonton Background Gll Wonton has nearly 1000 restaurants including 40 cities in China, in all open 24 hours, the total turnover is about 5 billion yuan. Convenience is the key word at that place. The wontons are stored frozen, so this isnt fine cuisine. The purlieu are moderately dirty, the ambience dull, and the staff inconsistent. Without much style, no English menu, and no real buzz the reason were writing about Gll Wonton is evidently about the Wonton. (Elliott, 2007) Descriptive type of Gll wontonGll Wonton is a Chinese fast food brand, it is using chain stores to appendage the restaurants, the owners buy the franchise from the Shi hao Company, and operation by themselves. What feature does Gll wonton has? Less postment Person who want open a Gll wonton chain store just need to invest 60000-70000 RMB. Quick return 6-7 months to recover the cost. Low-risk A wealth of industry experience and experience of the successful operation of nearly one thousand sing le-store.Can sponsor minimize the risk of new store. Easier precaution Product unified production uniform distribution simple operational skills can help the manager well-to-do to manage the restaurant. What tar sign market Gll wonton dosent have? People who doesnt like to eat wonton is not the target market of Gll Wonton. around people doesnt the style of Gll Wonton, so they didnt want to go to Gll Wonton. What are the advantages of acquire a franchise? Small investment, less risk. Received management training and guidance system Standardized management, standardization supply Reliable brand and product services Receive technical support (Wang, 2009) Would you consider buying a franchise in this chain in another military position? I will buy a franchise in another location for this brand. Because 2 point 1. Less location rent In another location, the rent of location is lower than in Shanghai, so that the investment is samller than shanghai.And it will get more income. 2 . Less labor cost In another location, the labor cost is cheaper than in Shanghai location, so the operation cost is lower, so there is more income with the powerful management. Reference List Elliott , Mark. (2007, October 3). Gll wonton(spelt g l l). Retrieved from http//shanghaiist. com/2007/10/03/gll_wontonspelt. php Wang. (2009, October 11). The advantage of franchise. Retrieved from http//zhidao. baidu. com/question/111221669. html? fr=ala0

Being Labeled Autistic

Being Labeled ill. First it is important to show the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this article you will identify the needs and interest of children with uplifted operate Autism and Low Functioning Autism, the social and communication skills, behavioral abnormalities, learning disabilities, and functioning as an adult with Autism. I. Detecting Autism in a child. A. The signs, diagnosis and treatment. 1. masking piece evaluations All children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrate deficits in, social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communications and repetitive behaviors or interest.Also cave in poor eye contact, doesnt smile, excessively lines up toys or other objects. Does not respond to name, or does not speak one word by the age of 16 months. The first signs of ASD dejection similarly appear in children who direct seemed to be developing normally. 2. Interventions and treatments It is important to remember that every person impacted by Autism is several(p redicate) and may benefit from different treatments or interventions. These atomic number 18 a variety of interventions.Applied behavior analysis is effective when used to teach complex communication, social, play and self help skills. Discrete rill training is when a teacher presents an instruction and provides consequences for a correct or incorrect response. Speech Therapy provides professional help and guidance in communication skills. Gluten-free, Casein-free diets, atomic number 18 effective diets to improve communication, social interactions, and sleep patterns while reducing digestive problems and autistic behaviors. B. Autism Spectrum Disorders, interest and behaviors. . Social and communication skills autistic several(prenominal)s usually display a very limited of interest and activities, repetitive behavior (example repeating the same sentence over and over), obsessively following routines, or having methodical and specific ship canal of arranging things. For instance , a child may have little trouble learning to read, but exhibit poor social interaction. Often times amongst 12 and 36 months old, the differences in the way they react to people and other unusual behaviors become app atomic number 18nt.Each child will display communication, and social skills that are individual but fit into the overall diagnosis of ASD. 2. Behavioral and learning disabilities Autism affects the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize. They have difficulty interpreting what others are thinking or feeling because they cant understand social cues, such as tone of voice or facial expressions, and dont watch other peoples faces for clues about appropriate behavior, they privation empathy.Children whose language skills regress early in life, before the age of 3, appear to have a higher than normal risk of developing epilepsy or seizure like brain activity. II. The difference between High Functioning Autism and Low Functioning Autism. A . The life of a High Functioning ill Child. 1. The functions of a High Functioning Child High functioning means having an IQ of higher than 80. These individuals do not exhibit certain behaviors, such as self injury or aggression. They often have more normal functions and behaviors, such as mouth and carrying out day to day activities with no problems.Often they may have difficulty initiating love and friendship relationships, often being rejected because potential partners perceive them as being too nerdy or too intelligent. This can lead to low self esteem or loneliness. They do not lack empathy, although they may have trouble expressing it. In a well resourced educational institution they often do well academically if they can be simulated by slap-up teachers. They are usually intelligent, gifted, honest and hard takeers. nigh are thought to become scientists and engineers. 2.The challenges of a High Functioning Autistic Child Coping with this power is a daily challenge, es pecially in the lacking of skills in interacting with others. These individuals have such social delays and difficulties that interaction with a normal social setting can be severely hampered. Some may have minor to moderate difficulty with motor skills and coordination. Also they may nurture a complex ordinary movement at which they become adept, for example, rocking back and forth or bumping. B. The life of a Low Functioning Autistic Child. 1.The Functions of a Low Functioning Autistic Child Low Functioning means having an IQ below 70. Also meaning severely autistic. These children do not speak, often do not understand receptive language, do not care nor do they wish to engage in conversation unless it is absolutely necessary and it is extremely limited due to the lack of speech, do not respond well to behavioral therapy, and do not show a great deal of improvement. Retardation is common, epilepsy is common, and other disorders may be present as well. They do not express emotions well, except anger.These emotions are unknown due to their in capability to communicate. They can be violent and for no intellectual at all, attack someone and then be fine and passive again a few minutes later. 2. The challenges of a Low Functioning Autistic Child Limited grammar and an impulsive sensitivity to stimulus are often thought to be typical of low functioning autism, as is a stiff visual processing preference. These children with mental challenges are more likely to exhibit behavior and emotional problems. Academically, they fall back behind in achievement for their age expectations.Typically they lag behind their piers three to four years. Children with severe Autism can acquire basic communication skills, both oral and written. III. Functioning as an Adult with Autism. A. Working and keep as an Autistic adult. 1. Independent living vs. supervised living Independent living involves persons living with Autism in their own apartment or house with little, if whatever support services. Support services may be limited to such areas as complex problem-solving, money management, or budgeting. In supervised throng living, group homes are facilities that serve several individuals with disabilities.Adult foster care, individuals live in a home with a family, and is intended to be as permanent as possible. 2. Preparing the Autistic adult for employment more Autistic adults are capable of employment, especially those with high functioning autism, in sheltered workshops, under the supervision of working with persons with disabilities. Some of the teachings start from academics to more functional life skills and prevocational skills. at that placefore, their educational goals need to focus on preparing them for employment and adult life. B.Relationships, marriage, and living life to the fullest. 1. Having social relationships There are a significant number of Autistics who have done very well in relationships. Once an autistic crosses the threshold of dating, they will improve their knowledge and ability in handling relationships. Adults on the Autism spectrum should watch as much adult television as they can enjoy. Cinematic depiction of emotions is particularly good as an educational tool.Some Autistics are gullible, but they also have the advantage of being able to look at things logically. 2. Happily married and raising a family Many Autistics are happily married and parents. With knowledge of Autisim comes a much greater tendency to engage people who enjoy the company of someone with Autistic characteristics. There are a large number of anecdotal reports of good relationships involving Autistics.In concluding that Autism is not a disease, it is a way of life Autism doesnt need to be cured, it needs to be accepted and Autistics allowed to be themselves without fear. Most are average at a variety of things, just like the rest of society. They may work to develop their talents and become impressive teachers or mathematicians, b ut the majority arent prodigies. They are just people who are good at some things and not others. Above all, treat Autistics as you would anyone else and allow for the differences that are sure to make themselves known.

Case Study of Lyons Document Storage Corporation

Case study of Lyons Document Storage Corporation Bond Accounting Introduction The Lyons union is currently a compevery providing storage of documents for other corporate customers. Lyons had operated conservatively without any long-term debt until it issued bonds in 1999. The bounds issued were $10 one thousand jillion in 20-year bonds, oblation a coupon rate of 8% with take paid semiannually, and sold to yield the 9% market rate of chase at the time. In the next essay, we take it as choice 1. These bonds were issued on July 2, 1999 and would be due July 2, 2019. But now, the investment bankers told the companys owner, Mr.Lyons, that $10 million in brisk 6% bonds with semiannual engage payments could be issued to provide the company with exactly $10 million in principal at the end of 10 years. The new interest payments would be $200,000 less each year than old bonds, which still had 12 years before they would be paid off. We take issuing these new bonds as Alternative 2. If it is selected, 11542K/1K=11542 new bonds will Lyons have to issue to refund the old bonds. in that location is as well as a third choice Issuing $11. 54 million of 10-year 6% bonds to completely pay-off the existing bonds with no need for additional cash from the company.Now, we are facing the problem that if Lyons should issue one of the new bonds with lower interest rate or keep the existing bonds. wizard Concept about Bond First I want to talk about the terms of bonus and discount. Usually there will be battle between the face lever of the bond and the actual amount of money that the borrower receives when the bond is earlier issued. This difference is called premium or discount. If the amount received is larger than the face value, it is called premium. If it is smaller than the face value, it is called discount. With this definition, we come to compute exactly how much the company eceived from its 8% bonds amount received by the borrower. The value, VN, is given by the following equation. VN=rZ(P/A,i%,N)+C(P/F,i%,N) Where VN bond value or balance sheet liability with N remaining closures r bond interest rate Z bond face value i prevailing yield at time of issued C redemption value at maturity For the old bonds, r=8% with semiannual payments, i=9%, Z=C=$10 million, N=40(one period is half a year). VN=0. 04*10(P/A, 4. 5%, 40)+10(P/F, 4. 5%, 40)= 9. 08 million. Thus, the company actually received $9. 08 million from the old bond, which is less than the face value $10 million. This is a discount bond.We tail also using this equation to recalculate the amount shown in the balance sheet at December 31, 2006 VN=0. 04*10(P/A, 4. 5%, 25)+10(P/F, 4. 5%, 25)= 9. 26 million (number of remaining half-year period=25) At December 31, 2007 VN=0. 04*10(P/A, 4. 5%, 23)+10(P/F, 4. 5%, 23)= 9. 29 million The current market value of the bonds outstanding at the current interest rate of 6% equals to the actual amount of money the borrower will receive at that time. W e derriere also use the above equation to do the calculation. This time r=6% with semiannual payments, i=6%, Z=C=$10 million, remaining number of period=21.VN=0. 03*10(P/A, 3%, 21)+10(P/F, 3%, 21)=$11. 54million Comparison between three Alternatives We can compare these three preferences based on two aspects cash come downs and book earnings. First, lets compare the cash flow. Here we use the differential coefficient PW regularity and set alternative 1 as the base. For Alternative 2, there is $1. 54 million cash outflow in Jan. 2009, since $11. 54 million is paid to draw the old bonds. In the following years, alternative 2 will pay $100K less than alternative 1 semiannually, till July. 2019. But for alternative 3, as the new bonds face value is $11. 4 million, we do not have to pay the $1. 54 million in Jan. 2009. And the differential annual cash flow is $53. 8K, which is $11. 54 million times 3% interest rate. Besides, we need to pay $1. 54 million more when it comes to matur ity. This is because the redemption value equals to the face value, $11. 54million. The differential cash flow is listed in Exhibit 1. With the cash flow of every period, we can calculate the differential cumulative PW. The differential cumulative PW for alternative 2 PW2=-1542K+100K(P/A,3%,21)=-$0. 5K. The differential PW for alternative 3 PW3=53. 8K(P/A,3%,21)-1542K(P/F,3%,21)=$0. K. The negative differential PW for alternative 2 means the company will eventually pay more money compared to alternative 1. The positive differential PW for alternative 3 means it will eventually receive more money. From the cash flow perspective, it seems the company may issue the $11. 54 million of 10-year 6% bonds. Another aspect is book earnings. Earnings will be affected by (i) the $2. 2 million loss on refunding in 2009, (ii) differential interest payments in every period, and (iii) differential amortized discount expense in every period. The $2. 2 million is from $11. 4 million spent to retire b onds minus the $9. 3 million listed on the balance sheet at that time. The differential interest payments are the same as those in the cash flow perspective. The amortized discount of alternative 2 and 3 is zero for each period. This is because the interest expense is $10 million*3%=$300K semiannually. The actual payment is also $300K semiannually. There is no difference between these two values. Therefore, the old amortized discount equals to the differential amortized discount. Old Amortized Discount=Interest Expense-Payment. (See Exhibit 2) For alternative 1, first we use $9079. K, which is calculated in One Concept about Bond, as the liability at the outset of the first period. The interest expense of every period equals to the liability at the beginning of that period times the interest rate. Liability at the end of the period before payment ( editorial D) equals to column B plus column C. Finally, after deducting $400k from column D, we get the liability at the end of the per iod, which is $9088. 5K. Use this value as the liability at the beginning of period 2 and repeat the calculation above, we can finish the left side part Exhibit 2. This table shows how the liability increases with each period.At the end of the 20 years it is exactly equal to $10 million face value. To compare the differential book earnings for alternative 2 and 3, we just add an extra part to the left side of the original table. There will be a $2. 2 million loss in the first period, and differential interest payments and amortized discount in the following periods. We add up these 3 differential values and get the New Earnings Effects. (See Exhibit 2 and 3) Conclusion From the book earning perspective, we can see that if the company issue any kind of new bond, there will be increases in future years earnings and a loss in current years earnings.The loss will make Mr. Lyons unhappy. As a matter of fact, this perspective just gives us an implication of the companys financial status. It is more clean to use cash flow to compare these 3 alternatives, since it takes the time value into consideration. From the cash flow perspective, since PW3 0 but PW2 0, which means Alternative 3 last makes us pay less money than Alternative 1 but Alternative 2 finally makes us pay more money than Alternative 1. Thus we should choose Alternative 3.

You Suck: A Love Story Chapter 21~22

Chapter Twenty-oneLadies and Gentlemen, Presenting the DisappointmentsHe was the best one-handed free-throw shooter in the Bay Area, and that Christmas night he had sunk sixty-four in a row in his driveway hoop, shooting the rude(a) leather Spauldingb all told his dad had left under the tree for him. Sixty-seven in a row, with out invariably setting down or spilling his beer. His record was seventy-two, and he would take aim broken it, had he not been dragged off into the bushes to be slaughtered.Jeff Murray was not the smartest of the Animals, nor the most well-innate(p), that when it came to waste po bivouacial, he was the hands-down winner. Jeff had been a star power forward through his sophomore, junior, and senior years in high school, and he had been offered a full-boat ride to Cal, Berkeley at that place had even been talk of his issue pro after a couple of years in college, but Jeff had decided to impress his prom date by showing her he had enough vertical leap to clea r a moving car.It was a minor misjudgment, and he would capture cleared the car had he not drunk most of a case of beer before the attempt, and had the cars height not been eight inches enhanced by the clean bar on the roof. The light source bar just caught Jeffs left sneaker, and somersaulted him four times in the air before he landed upright in a James browned split on the tarmac. He was pretty sure that his knee wasnt supposed to b repeal that way, and a team of doctors would later agree. Hed wear a brace perpetually and hed never play competitive basketball again. Although he was a smokin one-handed H.O.R.S.E. player, and he might have even been a champion if it werent for that slaughtered-in-the-bushes topic.He equald the new leather ball, and he knew he shouldnt be using it on the asphalt, and especially this late at night, when the sound of his dribbling might disturb his neighbors.He lived in a garage apartment in Cow Hollow, and the fog was blowing in damp streams up his street, making the basketball sound lonely and ominous, so no one complained. It was Christmas if all some poor bastard had was some hoops, hence youd have to be a special kind of heartless to blackguard the cops on him. A car turned at the end of the street blue halogens swept through the fog populaceage sabers, then went out. Jeff squinted into the fog, but couldnt make out what kind of car it was, only that it had check intoped a couple of doors down and it was a dark color.He turned to jam his record-breaking shot, but distracted, he put a little too much backspin on the ball and it jumped out of the hoop. He ran it down at the junipers by the garage, but was only equal to tip it, so that it went into the bushes. He set his beer down on the driveway and went in after it, and well, you get alongFrancis Evelyn Stroud answered the phone on the second ring, as she everlastingly did, as it was proper to do.Hello.Hi, Mom, Its Jody. Merry Christmas.And to you, darling. Youre calling rather late.I know, Mom. I was going to call earlier, but had a liaison. I was a thing, Jody thought.A thing? Of course. Did you consider the package I sent? It would be expensive and completely inappropriate, a cashmere business suit, or something in a houndstooth or a herringbone, something languid only by matronly academics or matronly spies with stout poison-dart shoes. And Mother Stroud would have sent it to the old address. Yes, I got it. Its lovely. I stackt wait to wear it.I sent a leather-bound set of the complete starts of Wallace Stegner, Mother Stroud said.Fuck Jody kicked at Tommy for making her call. He skipped out of range, waving a scolding happen uponch at her.Of course. Stegner, the Stanford paragon. Mother was one of the first coeds to graduate from Stanford and she never missed an opportunity to point out that Jody hadnt gone(a) there. Jodys father had also gone to Stanford. She was born to Stanford, and yet she had disgraced them by going t o San Francisco State, and not finishing. Yeah, those will be great, too. I guess they just havent caught up with me yet.Youve moved again? Mrs. Stroud had lived in the same house in Carmel for thirty years. Carpet and draperies never survived more than two years, but shed been in the same house.Yeah, we infallible a little more space. Tommys working(a) at home now.We? thence youre hitherto with that writer boy?Mom said writer like it was a fungus.Jody scribbled on a Post-it at the fore regulate Note Break Tommys arms off. Beat him with them.Yes. Im still with Tommy. Hes been nominated for a Fulbright. So, did you have a nice Christmas?It was fine. Your sister brought that man.Her husband, Bob, you mean? Mother Stroud did not financial aid for men since Jodys father had left her for a younger woman.Well, whatever his name is.Its Bob, Mom. He went to school with us. Youve known him since he was nine.Well, I had a smoked jokester delivered, and a lovely foie-gras-and-wild-mushr oom appetizer.You had Christmas regurgitateered?Of course.Of course. Of course. Of course. It would never occur to her that by having Christmas dinner catered, she was making other people work on Christmas. Well, I put my present in the mail, Mom. Id better go. Tommys being honored at a dinner tonight because of his massive intellect.On Christmas?Oh, what the fuck. Hes Jewish.She could hear the intake of breath on the other end of the phone. This is the light version, Mom, imagine how scandalized you be if I told you he was dead and that I killed him.You didnt tell me that.Sure I did. You must be losing details. Gotta go, Mom. I gotta help Tommy get his penis piercing in before the dinner. Bye. She hung up.Tommy had been dancing naked in front of her for most of the phone call. When she hung up he stopped. Did I mention that I worry about your ethical equilibrium?Said the guy who was just playing buff the scrotum with my red scarf while I was making the brave Christmas call to my mother?Admit it. Youre a little turned on.Dr. Drew Drew McComber, the Ohm-budsman, the resident pharmacist and medical adviser to the Animals, was afraid of the dark. The fear had crept up on him, like a hash brownie, and coldcocked him with an inescapable paranoia after four years on the night crew at the Marina Safeway. Thing was, he awoke in the evening, to the pervasive grow lights in his garage apartment in the Marina, then drove four blocks under the streetlights to the brightly lit Safeway, then got off work in the morning when the sun was well off the horizon, to return to his grow-lit apartment, to sleep with a satin mask in place. He encountered darkness so infrequently that it seemed like a menacing stranger when he did.On Christmas night, round midnight, Drew sat among a jungle of five-foot-tall pot plants in his living room, wearing shades and watching a movie on cable about the special relationship between the lady of an English manor and her chimney sweep. (Because o f his work schedule, and the unbroken demand to stay wasted, Drew found it difficult to keep a girlfriend. Until the Animals found Blue, his sex life had been a largely solitary affair, and (sigh) apparently had find so once again.) Each time the chimney sweeps sooty hand smacked the powdered bottom of the lady of the manor, Drew grieved a little that dusky handprint on alabaster flank falling like a shadow on his erotic soul. There was arousal, but no joy. Sad and lonely wood did tent his hemp-fiber cargo pants.Then, as if scripted by Erecto, the Generously Endowed Pizza Delivery God of Improbable Trysts, there was a knock at Drews door. quite a than answer the door directly, Drew adjusted himself and ambled through the ganja woodwind instrument to a small video screen in his kitchenette a video peephole. Hed installed it in the days before his doctor had given him the prescription that made him a quasilegal medical marijuana grower (patient complains that reality harshes his mellow prescribe 2 grams hempen necktie every three hours by inhalation, ingestion, or suppository).Sure enough, as if he had called in an order, the video screen revealed a pale but pretty sandy boothing on his doorstep in a conservative blue cocktail dress and heels. She might have just come from a party or a dinner out her hair was pinned up with tiny blue bows. She might have shown up to audition for the role of the lady of the manor.Drew key the intercom. Hi. Are you sure you have the right house?I think so, said the girl. Im looking for Drew. She smiled into the camera. Perfect teeth.Jeez, Drew said, then realizing that he had said it allowed, he cleared his throat and said, Ill be right there.He smoothed his erection down, pushed his hair fag end his ears, and in five long strides he was through the forest and at the front door. At the last second he remembered the sunglasses, pushed them up on his gaffer, smiled broadly, and threw open the door, releasing a wide bea m of ultraviolet light into the night fog.The pretty blonde dropped her smile, then screamed as she burst into flames and leapt out of the light. Drew ran out into the dark to save her.Chapter Twenty-twoBeing the Chronicles of Abby Normal miserable Nosferatu NoobsicleWell, except for the murder, Christmas was like a slow drag over broken glass I now truly know the ennui of passing timeless existence in total boredom eating and hurling to-furky all day, stuck with Ronnie and Mom until like six, when Jared came over. His father has a fresh family with little crumb-snatcher stepsisters, so they like jam about him as soon as the squealing and presents start in the morning. He spent the whole day rewatching The Nightmare Before Christmas disc in his room and smoking cloves. His room is totally sacrosanct since he told his rents that he couldnt guarantee that he wouldnt be masturbating to gay porn if anyone came in. (Hes so lucky sometimes I could stand on my head and flick the bean right there at the dinner table and my mom would be all, Honey, Christmas is family time, we should be in concert and make me finish in front of everyone.)So, we like watched The Nightmare Before Christmas disc with Mom and Ronnie until they fell asleep on the couch then Jared and I drew some really cool tribal tattoos on Ronnies shaved head with Magic Marker, but only like in red and black, so they look real.Then he was all, We should go get some coffee my aunt gave me a hundred-dollar Starbucks gift card for Christmas.And I hate it when people swagger about their Christmas presents, because its completely shallow and materialistic. So, I was all, Yeah, well, Id love to, but I am now one of the chosen, so I have duties.And he was all, No way, youre Jewish?And I was all, No, I am nosferatu.And he was all, You are not.And I was all, Remember that sexylicious guy from Walgreens. It was him. Well, actually its the Countess who brought me into the sacred circle of sanguinity.And he w as all, You didnt even call me?Im sorry, Jared, but you are of an inferior species now.So he goes, I know, I totally suck.And I know hes going to go all tragico-emo on me. So I say, Buy me a Mochaccino and Ill reveal to you our dark ways and stuff.We leave a note saying that Jared has impregnated me and were running off together to join a satanic cult, so my mother wont panic when she wakes up, because shes totalitarian about leaving notes. Then we head to the SOMA.But apparently, the entire fucking country shuts down on Christmas, slammed under the oppressive iron fist of the baby Jesus, so out of nine Starbucks we try, all are closed.And Jared is all, Take me to meet them. I want to be in the dark fold, too.And I was all, No way, loser, your hair is totally flat. Which it was. He only had the one spike in front, and his sculpting gel had like failed hours ago, so in his PVC raincoat, he kinda looked like a black lacquer coatrack like you see in Chinatown, but that wasnt why I coul dnt take him to see the Countess and my Dark Lord. I just couldnt. I knew the Countess would freak out if she saw I was exploiting her exquisite gift to show off for a friend, so I was all, Its very secret. But Jared started to pout and brood at the same time, which he can totally pull off because he practices, so I started to feel like a malodorous soupon of mashed assholes, as Lautramont so aptly put it. (Shut up, Lily says it sounds more romantic in French.)So I let him come, but I told him he had to say outside crosswise the street. But when we came around the corner of the Dark Lords block, there was a guy in a yellow tracksuit standing in the middle of the street. Just standing there, with his hood up and his head down, looking like he was going to stand there forever. And he turned really slow in our direction.Jared was all, Wanksta rappa, in my ear, and he giggled that high-pitched little-girl giggle he does sometimes thats like violence catnip to other guys. (Which is why Jared has to carry a foot-long double-edged dagger in his boot, which he calls his Wolf-fang. Fortunately it doesnt give him any false confidence and he is still a total puss, but he likes the attention he gets when doormen take it away from him at clubs.)Anyway, I think my vampyre senses were, like, on edge, because I could just tell that this wasnt your normal hip-hop guy standing in the middle of a deserted street in a three-hundred-dollar tracksuit at midnight on Christmas night, so I grabbed Jareds arm and pulled him back around the corner.And Im all, Dude. Shields up. Creep. Stealth. Lowest profile.So we peek around the corner, totally cloaked this time, and the tracksuit guy is like over by the door of the loft, and individual is coming out. Its the crusty old drunk guy with the huge shaved cat, and he has his unit out, like hes going to take a leak, which I could have gone another sixteen years without seeing. And Tracksuit grabs him like hes a rag doll and pulls his head b ack by the hair, and insect bitees him on the neck. And when he does, I can see that its not a hip-hop guy at all, but some crusty white vampyre, his fangs were like visible from space. So the huge cat guy is thrashing and screaming and spraying whiz all over the place and I can hear the huge cat hissing behind the door, and Jared grabs me by my messenger bag and starts pulling me away, down the street. So thats all I saw.And Jared was all, Whoa.And I was all, Yeah.And as soon as we got a few blocks away, I pulled out my cell and called the Countesss cell, but it went right to voice mail. So now were at a special midnight showing of The Nightmare Before Christmas at the Metreon, beverage a huge Diet Coke to calm our nerves while we wait for a return call from my vampyre coven. (Jared forgot his inhaler and has been gasping since we saw the attack. Its so embarrassing. flock are like looking, and Ive moved a couple of seats over so they wont think Im giving him a hand job or somet hing.) I am totally overcome with dread and foreboding, and the time passes like a seeping infection on a bad eyebrow piercing. So we wait. I wish we had some pot. More later.Oh yeah, and Mom got me a green Care Bear for Christmas I totally love it.Youre sure this is where you left it? Jody was looking up and down the Embarcadero. There were no people out on the street the performers and hustlers were long gone. She could hear the Bay Bridge humming in the distance, a fogsignal started to low over in Alameda. A BART train burped out of a tunnel onto the street a block away, headed toward the ballpark, empty. A police cruiser turning out of Market Street stra feed them with its headlights before heading past the Ferry Building toward Fishermans Wharf. Tommy waved to the cops.Yeah. I was right here and my watch went off. He weighed a ton. It would have taken a bunch of guys to move him.Jody saw something shining on the bricks near her feet and crouched down to touch the source. Met al filings of some sort. She licked her feel and came up with a coating of yellowish metallic particles on her fingertip. Unless someone cut it up.Who would do that? Who would cut a statue up and steal the pieces?Doesnt matter. Maybe thieves, by chance city workers. If someone cut that bronze shell, one of two things happened. If it was daytime, Elijah fried out here in the sun. If it was dark, hes free.It wasnt light, was it?Jody shook her head. Im guessing no. She saw a light pattern among the bricks a few steps away and crouched down again. There was a fine, grayish powder between the bricks. She pinched some between her fingers and shook her head. For sure no.What? What is that?She brushed her finger off on her jeans and dug into her jacket pocket. Tommy, remember I told you that you didnt drink the whore dry because she wouldnt have been there if you had?Yeah.Well, thats because when a vampire drains someone when we drain someone, they turn to a fine gray powder. I cant expl ain why, but it looks like that. Feels like that. She pointed to the howitzer lines between the bricks.Tommy knelt down and touched the powder, looked up. How do you know that?You know how I know that?Youve killed people.She shrugged. Just a couple. And they were sick. Terminal. They were asking for it, sort of.So thats why you werent hurly burly about the hooker?She pulled her cell phone out of her jacket pocket, then held it behind her back and twisted back and forth looking at her feet, like a little girl being interrogated about how Mommys lamp got broken. Are you mad?Im a little disappointed.Really? Im really sorry. You would have done the same thing if youd been there.Im just disappointed that you didnt feel that you could trust me.You were having a hard time with your change. I didnt want to bother you.But it wasnt sexual or anything, right? short not. Purely nutritional. She didnt think it necessary to tell him about kissing the old man. It would just confuse things.Well, I guess its okay, then. I guess if you had to.He stood and she ran to him and kissed him. I cant tell you how glad I am to have that off my chest.Yeah, wellHang on. She held up a finger and hit the power button on her phone.Calling your mom to tell her she was right about your being a tramp?Im calling the kid.Abby?Yeah. I need to tell her to stay away from our place. Elijah is going to start messing with us like before.Jody watched as the little icons on her phone showed that it was searching for a signal. But she said she wasnt coming by tonight. Its Christmas.I know she said that, but I think she may come by anyway.Why?Well, she has a thing for me, I think. I bit her last night.You bit Abby?Yeah. I told you, I was hurt. I needed God, youre such a blood slut.I knew youd be mad.Well, its Abby, for fucks sake. Im her dark lord.Look, a voice mail.Elijah Ben Sapir cast the twitching, pee-spraying alcoholic across the street, where he bounced off the metal garage door of the foundry an d back out to the curb, where his head knocked the side mirror off an illegally parked Mazda.Then the vampire walked with exaggerated steps, his arms held out from his sides like a bad stage monster to try to keep the urine-sotted velour fabric of his tracksuit from contacting his skin. Although he had experienced all manner of filth and gore in his eight hundred years, and had, in fact, spent whole days hiding naked under loamy soil to escape the sun, he didnt remember being quite so put off as he was at being pissed on by his lunch. Perhaps it was that he only had one set of clothes now, and there was no luxurious yacht with a full wardrobe to take away to, or perhaps it was that he had spent the day between two urine-stained mattresses under an unconscious junkie while police searched the hotel around him. Hed just hit his limit, thats all.Hed known the desk clerk would give him up to the police, so as soon as he had gone to his room, the vampire had hidden his tracksuit in the corner of the closet, gone to mist, then slipped under the door into the next room and in between the mattress and box springs of a semiconscious junkie. Hed gone back to solid just as sunrise put him out for the day.At sundown, he was surprised at how elated he was to find the tracksuit still in the closet, after he fed off the junkie (just a sip) and snapped his neck. (Leaving more or less a greeting card to the homicide inspectors who had attacked him with the others at the yacht club.) Now his precious tracksuit was all cover in whiz and he was furious.He stalked over to where hed thrown the canful and snatched him up by the ankle. Elijah was not tall by modern standards, but he found that if he held the bums ankle high above his head, he could shake him sufficiently to get the job done.Youre not even her minion, are you? Elijah banged the bums head against the sidewalk to punctuate his question.Please, said the bum. My huge cat Thud, thud, thud on the sidewalk. A little shake . Change, a few bills, a lighter, and a bottle of greyback Walker rained out of the bums pockets.Youre just her little moo cow, arent you? I tasted her on you.Theres a kid, said the moo cow. A spooky little girl. She takes care of them.Them?Elijah flung the bum against the garage and proceeded to pick up the change and the bills on the sidewalk. The steel door next to the garage door opened and a burly bald man in overalls stepped out on the sidewalk, smacking a lead-tipped tire thumper on his palm. You motherfuckers making enough noise out here?Elijah bared his fangs and hissed at the biker, then leapt to the wall over the garage door and clung there, facedown, above the bikers head.The biker looked up at the vampire, down at the prostrate bum, then at the damaged Mazda. Well, okay then, he said. I can see you fellas still have some shit to work out. He slipped back into the foundry and slammed the door.Elijah dropped to his feet and headed up the street, not even bothering to sto p to snap the moo cows neck. How could he have been so stupid? He wasnt going to terrorize her by killing a food source. He needed to threaten her minion, just as he had with the boy. How could he have known that shed actually betray him and choose the boy? Turn the boy? It wouldnt happen again.Amid all the anger, the hunger, and the excitement at having a purpose, Elijah Ben Sapir felt a twinge of heartache. He had begun this adventure thinking himself the puppet master now he was all conglomerate in the strings. Making mistakes.No worry. He cocked his head and focused. Past the rasping breath of the moo cow, the buildings settling, the Bay Bridge humming, and a thousand hearts vanquish in the lofts around him, he could hear the retreating steps of the little girl and her friend.

Outline the key principles of Neoliberalism and its actual and prospective contribution to wealth and welfare in developing societies

Outline the key principles of Neoliberalism and its actual and prospective contri neverthelession to wealth and welf ar in developing societies. Counter-revolution was seen as a new vision of growth when it first comes out. In the mid 80s, the development if counter revolution was supported by the horse opera media and disposal aid agencies, too by some very influential international organisation, e. g. the World Bank Counter revolutionaries see themselves a better description than the development economicals.The development economy identify the problem of the developing countries in various way, it imply dual economics, labour surplus, low level equilibrium trap, upset growth, vicious cycle of poverty, big push industrialisation, foreign exchange bottlenecks and unequal exchange rate. However, counter revolutionaries claim the orthodox economics was unrealistic beca physical exertion of it assumption on concourse behaviour and technology implication in the industry. Also, it s said to be irrelevant, since its main concern is with the allocative efficiency of given resources.These weakness means the development economics cannot address the problem of the growth aspect, neither it could deal with the problems of poverty and the distri moreoverion of income. Some counter revolutionaries believe that, the 3rd man exists only as a kind of collective psychological delusion. Its definitive to see how the counter revolutionaries interpret their view to the 3rd world to understand its insurance polity concept. And their views on 3rd world derive from its continuing political engagement with the struggle against socialism. They also stress that the 3rd world had a kind of 3rd worldism, which contains an anti-west attitude.They seen the west as exploiters who exploits the benefits from the already poor 3rd world, and in some slips, they are right, and these attitude and facts alleged crypto socialist policies of 3rd world judicature. Counter-revolution was a n abrasive now approach. When looking at the policy of the counter-revolution, we ought to see how it views the 3rd world problem, and what solutions do can the counter-revolution offers. According to the counter revolutionaries, the main problem of the 3dr world countries is their over-extended humankind sector, which cause the problems limitation through government handling and central planning.For an economics to be efficient, there needs to be the existence of the market and incentives. However, they are being filters through government policies and agencies. Also, counter revolutionaries seen physical investment is only one of the determinants for the growth in the development. Human development such as education and building of infrastructure are as important as physical investment, and it should not be place as a less important government objective than physical investment. The economics policies of government and the overrefinement they induce re now the major focus of the analysis of the development policy.The clear induction we can see here is that, unnecessary government intervention will endanger the benefits of the market, and the relatively unimportance of human development policy, which will hinder the process of development. These are the main components of the counter-revolutions new vision of growth. Why would be the public sector being the problem? We can see from an example. If theres a public electricity corporation which is making a loss, the government decide to postulate up the loss by subsidise it using the tax revenue, the end result will be little incentives for the management to minimise cost.Cost minimization is essential for n efficient market and the process of cost minimising is difficult and time consuming, and its unlikely to take place without some pressure or incentives. If the government removes that pressure, public enterprise tends to become complacent and high cost. As a monopoly, the public sector is said to be f ail to respond adequately to consumers preferences by insulate itself from the consumer demand. Also, many 3rd leaders may wish to strengthen their political power by influencing the economic performance, thus the outlandishs development prospect.This means that when an economic decision was made, its on the benefit for the politicians, not to the economy. And these are the factor causes other problem in the 3rd world countries, such as problem on foreign profession and industry, distortion of key prices (e. g. exchange rate) in the economy, which in turns causes balance of payment problems. The other main issue arise for counter revolutionaries are the practice for trade and aid policy. There are a few anomalies highlighted by counter-revolution. Some counter revolutionaries claims that official aid has a regressive reach on world income distribution.Its theoretically possible according to Bauer, many tax payer in the donor cities are far poorer then many people in the 3rd world countries where, moreover, aid often benefits the prosperous rather than the needy. Sometime, the aid is aimed to relief poverty in the recipient country, but the recipient country may resist it since they feel such attempts infringe its sovereignty. E. g. , local farmers will suffer income lost if food aid was given to people free of charge, no one will spend money on the domestic food products. Thus, the donors citizens could have been taxed for the benefits of an unfriendly state.These are the major anomalies concern the counter revolutionaries on the soil of aid large. Also, when aid is given to a 3rd world country which already had a over extended public sector, the government will tends to use the aid to support that public sector, which they can still claims that the aid had been used on the development of the economy. In this case, aid has help to boom the unproductive public sector beyond what it would have been in the absence of aid. The counter-revolution views conclu de that, aid should therefore be given to the private sector.One of the anomalies emphasized by the counter-revolution is that the giving of aid merely relief poverty in the 3rd world, it might even worsening it. In the opinion of the counter revolutionaries, aid should be abolished. However, for political reason, this is very unlikely will be the case. So counter revolutionaries advocates that, aid should be reduce in size, also, it should be use as reward for policy reforms. Policy reforms which shows development of the economy as well as living standard of the people and the moving towards socialism. The counter revolutionaries also have its view on trade.Counter-revolution has always opposed controls over foreign trade. At international level, the counter-revolutions opposition to management trade has been expressed through its critics to the International Commodity Agreements (ICA). ICAs are internationally negotiated schemes of intervention in the markets for exports of prima ry products. Counter revolutionaries oppose ICA because of its failure to alleviate the poverty in the 3rd world countries. Little suggests that The increase political management of trade is unlikely to help the poor or the poorest states.Counter revolutionaries suggest that the 3rd world countries are minimally involved with production for export because they tends to be remote, obscure and wishinging the skills to forge the effective links with their surrounding society. However, in the reality, the arguments of the counter- revolutionaries do not entirely hold up. About the point of 3rd world countries lack of share in export, we can actually see that, in 1982, one third base of the 3rd world countries had export that accounted for 20% or more of third domestic product.Further more, on average, 60% of the export of the 3rd world countries was of fuels, minerals or other primary commodities. And for the counter- revolutionaries negative opinion on aids, in the case of India, B angladesh and South Korea, aid merely creates what the counter- revolutionaries sees as dirigiste syndrome. When counter- revolution is implemented across Africa, it had failed in nearly all situations, per capita income down 10% over the period. They were not fain for high-level market openness.In Philippines and Sri Lanka, there were mix results, but certainly not successful, causing economic growth fell, increase in poverty and unemployment. The near successful case of the counter-revolution policy is in South Korea, where it achieve falling inflation rate, GNP growth and income distribution improved, current account deficit change and social welfare improved. But the success can be achieve only because they were not only looking at the macroeconomic in nature, but also consider social welfare.The unhelpfulness of the counter- revolution comes from its particularly strong preconception of the actions that need to be taken to promote development. That preconception is that deve lopment problems are problems of resources allocation. It has also been attacked for its simplistic accounts of the nature of real markets in many developing countries and for their one dimensional accounts of what motivates apparently isolated economic actors. Some policies and theories do have some merits, but they need to be accompanying by other policy to make it effective.

Interview of Friar Lawrence and Nurse Essay

Judge John Henry Lawrence enter the dock. Put your hand on the Bible and say after me, I swear to tell the truth, whole truth and nothing scarce the truth. I swear to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing just now the truth. The panel atomic number 18 now open to ask you questions, you are bound by the book to keep to the truth. Jury What was you relationship with Romeo? I have been a great familiarity of Romeo ever since he was a little boy. He has always trusted me and he told me things he would not have told to anyone else. Romeo respected me and took my advice. I blame myself for his expiration and I am real sorry. Jury What part did you play in this tragedy?I tried my best to unite two people who were very much in love. Yes, I did perform the trades union ceremony but I did it in good faith, I never knew what atrocities it would bring about. I alike tried to help Romeo and Juliet when they were in trouble. After Romeo was exiled I helped arrange his escape to Mant ua, for, you understand it might be possible for them to meet there. When I gave Juliet the drug I thought that I was doing the right thing. She was in a mess, she couldnt tell her parents so with my knowledge of herbal remedies I supplied her with the draught. She would have taken her own liveness there and then if I had not.When Romeo was dead and Juliet would not snuff it him I deserted her. I could have saved her life I know but I was too cowardly to face up to my actions. Jury What were your motives in this tragedy? I wanted to help a very good wizard to be happy and preserve the marriage. I suppose I also hoped that performing this marriage ceremony would help unite the two sides from their conflict. Jury Whose gaolbreak do you think the deaths are? I blame myself more than anyone else. I played the largest part, however, I suppose it would not have happened if there had not been umpteen smaller things contributing.For example, if there had never been a conflict. Nobody w as to know that it would end in death. Jury What part do you think you were to blame for particularly? I was responsible for setting in motion a series of actions that lead to the marriage, the arrangements for the meetings and the drugs for Juliet. I didnt save Juliet from herself. JudgeJohn Henry Lawrence please quit the dock. Anne Falton please mount to the dock. Put your hand on the Bible and say after me, I swear to tell the truth, whole truth and nothing but the truth. I swear to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth.The Jury are now open to ask you questions, you are bound by the book to keep to the truth. Jury What was your relationship with Juliet? Well, I was almost like a second mother to her, I was her wet nurse you know, she born at the same time as my daughter Susan who passed away God rest her soul. I have looked after ever since. Juliet was always a very skillful young lady never doing anything naughty. I was her closest friend she used to tell me all her secrets but she didnt tell me her plan before she died. Jury What part did you play in this tragedy?I knew all the time that Juliet had gone off and married that Romeo, I never knew it would come to this. Romeo was a small young chap as well. He wasnt as good-looking or as clever as Paris though, not at all, no The only other matter I was involved in was organising Romeos night with Juliet, that took a lot of organising that did. Jury What were your motives in this tragedy? All I wanted was to see Juliet happily married with a nice young man. I wouldnt have been persuaded to take part in this conspiracy but Juliet begged and begged me not to tell his Lordship. Jury Whose fault do you think the deaths are?Not mine and thats for sure, I always said that, that Romeo would lead her up to no good, he looked nice and all that but he had a look about him. I think Romeo lead her into it, he always was the drear sort, coming from a Montague family and all that Jury What part do you think you were to blame for particularly? It wasnt anything to do with me, if I had gone to his Lordship about the marriage shed have killed herself sure as sure, like the good Friar said she was going to Judge Anne Falton, leave the dock. The Jury will now leave to come to a decision. 1 hour later Verdict Death by Misadventure.

A study on motorcycle rider characteristic and behavior in Dhaka City Essay

This study presents essential information relating to motorcycle rider private road behavior resulting from the questionnaire conform to for riders. This survey was conducted on the top 5 roads in Dhaka city with the most number of recorded motorcycle road crashes in the past 5 years. This study in any case provides valuable information about their experiences when learning to drive, as well as providing a detailed examination of factors, past and present, which may view contributed to their current driving behavior.The questionnaire has eight (8) sections that focus on riders personal details, driving experience and training, riding habit, opinion on road safety, road crash experience, motorcycle preference and anger and aggression test. The anger examination was do using the Deffenbacher Driving Anger Scale (Deffenbacher et al. , 1994) and the aggression examination was made using the Aggression Questionnaire of Buss & Perry (1992). The results of the rider survey were anal yzed to yield significant variables influencing motorcycle road crash experience and frequency.A total of two hundred motorcycle rider participated in the survey. A video survey is also done to cross check the information given by the riders which is done along 3 important roads in Dhaka city. The purpose of this survey addresses a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of passing maneuver of motorcycle. The characteristics of passing maneuver of motorcycle include (i) individual speeds and speed differences between passing and passed motorcycles (ii) lateral spacing of passing and passed motorcycles (iii) longitudinal distances from beginning and ending of passing event.These findings can be use to develop more accurate procedures for the analysis of the quality of service of motorcycle paths as well as to develop a comprehensive simulation model. It is also hoped that this information will be used to understand the factors that place a rider at risk of becoming involved in a crash, committing dealings violations, and/or engaging in risky driving practices and inform road safety programs aimed at preventing rider from engaging in potentially dangerous driving behavior.

John the Savage’s New World

die hard New World Essay In Brave New World, John the skirt chaser willfully acquits himself from the reservation, where he was born and raised, in state to travel to the new universe because of his passion for attainment and this twisted idea of becoming happy through his acceptance. Aloud Huxley has written a novel where the main(prenominal) character experiences a type of exile that is tragically unalienable while being beneficial.Johns experiences in the institution state were enriching however, they were even more alienating and they ended up being so potent that it finally pushed John to his early demise. Johns exile was stimulating because of his discovery that truth and rapture are incompatible. He is face with the idea that he will not be completely accepted by others because of how he is impertinent anyone in the utopian golf club. His self-value was based on how others perceived him, his exile allowed him to see that his value should not be establish in others .Upon their arrival to the World State, Bernard begins to parade John around to the other citizens in order to gain popularity. John recognizes the fact that the imaginary happiness that he has created for himself In he new world is fake, he decides that he rather be unhappy than have the sort of false, lying happiness that Bernard has from his newfound social status (Huxley 179). John becomes disturbed by the culture he begins to accept the fact that these concourse only want to meet him because of how different he Is from them.Johns exile was educational and allowed him to see veracity however, his unwanted was even more destructive to him because of how It shatters his beliefs, the government agency It Isolates him from the citizens in the world state, how he feels that he was contaminated by their hunting lodge, and overall It distances himself even further from anyone from either of his two worlds. His newfound perspective altered the manner he Interpreted everything In Its entirety and unfortunately his transformation of viewpoints Is for the worse.In an argument with moustache Mood, Mustache claims that John Is claiming the powerful to be unhappy and John responds by defiantly agreeing with him and saying that he Is In fact claiming the amend to be unhappy (Huxley 240). John and Mustache have separate Ideas of what happiness Is. Mustache thinks happiness Is a challenging get the hang particularly other peoples happiness (Huxley 226). He chooses to pursue political power over scientific truth, Mustache genuinely believes In the system of the World State hes not compromising his values, hes fighting for them.John, however, believes that happiness Is found with the Individual and he freely admits that he hates the way that this new collocation Is systematically run. Brave New World portrays a society that has been designed for Idealistic happiness and not the Individual. Everyone values their receive entity over their happiness, as John the Savag es exile enlightens the audience and the lack of Independence In Huxley evolve strikes a certain fear of this kind of society Into the reader. Huxley society Is one that Is constructed from standards that would not be deemed as good In this day and age.John the Savages New World By griffin recognizes the fact that the imaginary happiness that he has created for himself in people only want to meet him because of how different he is from them. Johns more destructive to him because of how it shatters his beliefs, the way it isolates him society, and overall it distances himself even further from anyone from either of his two worlds. His newfound perspective altered the manner he interpreted everything n its entirety and unfortunately his transformation of viewpoints is for the worse.In an argument with Mustache Mood, Mustache claims that John is claiming the honorable to be unhappy and John responds by defiantly agreeing with him and saying that he is in fact claiming the right to be unhappy (Huxley 240). John and Mustache have separate ideas of what happiness is. Mustache thinks happiness is a hard master particularly other peoples happiness (Huxley 226). He chooses to pursue political power over scientific truth, Mustache genuinely believes in the system of the World State hes not compromising his values, hes fighting for them.John, however, believes that happiness is found with the individual and he freely admits that he hates the way that this new civilization is systematically run. Portrays a society that has been designed for idealistic happiness and not the individual. Everyone values their own entity over their happiness, as John the Savages exile enlightens the audience and the lack of independence in Huxley novel strikes a certain fear of this kind of society into the reader. Huxley society is one that is constructed from standards that would not be deemed as moral in this

A Letter to My Teacher – 15 Things About Me

Northern Caribbean University School of worship and Theology Research Paper Presented in Partial Fulfill workforcet of the Course RELB113 god and Human biography By Akeem Favorite 18100633 To Dr. Earl Cameron December 8th, 2011 One stark similarity existing surrounded by the Christian and Islamic organized religious belief is the plan of salvation. Both agree that the plan of salvation must be attained by the acceptance of paragon. on that point be hundreds of various religions in the world essenti ally all religions read that there is roughly form of salvation.Christianity and Islam argon twain religions that discombobulate much in green, when it comes to the topic of salvation. A common view sh ard by both is expressed through their belief that it is by graven image they are saved through the plan of salvation. Careful research reveals that there is a commonality amidst Christians and Muslims in the follow up oning areas the Afterlife, God, Heaven, Hell and Ju dgement Day. Therefore, this research volition explore the aforementioned existential similarities between Christianity and Islam. Christianity started about two thousand years ago in Judea with savior and his disciples. saviour was a Jew and find the Jewish law as well as associated Himself with the Jews. In his early years, deliveryman travelled from resolution to village discovering and preaching in the synagogues as well as healing those who were suffering. Jesus true many netherworldners to repent from their self- guiltless and hypocritical ways, allowing them to realize that God is rooted in service and love. The ministry of Jesus touched the lives and hearts of many people. Jesus taught his disciples about the will of God and the will of the smart covenant.The new covenant is that Jesus himself would pay for the sinfulnesss of all humanity by being crucified unjustly on a cross. Three eld later, he would be resurrected, having conquered death to give hope to a hope less world. The declare oneself of this new covenant is to restore those who accept it into a renewed fellowship of forbearance and love with God. unspoiled as Jesus taught, it all happened and his disciples witnessed an amazing miracle. Their teacher, Jesus of Nazareth died and rose again in three days to become their Messiah.Bound by a grand charge to share the love that the God of the beingness had imparted upon them, the disciples began to proclaim this great gospel of hope throughout the territory. From a small group of ordinary men that lived in a small village in Judea, the history of the Christian church began, and the Christian faith since then has spread to the rest of the world. Jesus disciples preached a simple message For God so love the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever regards in him shall not perish solely have endless life. John 316) According to the Christian belief, salvation is found in the life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Salvation comes only by the grace of God there is nothing a Christian throne do to guarantee their witness salvation, they fecal matternot save themselves or determine their fate after death. Salvation is a process that begins when a psyche completely accepts Jesus Christ in their life, and it continues through that persons life and is completed when they stand before God on judgement day.Jesus the son of God is the bridge to the Father. If Christians obey and hope in Him, as well as chose his way, Jesus cleanses them from their sins by His gunstock. only if if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin. (1 John 17) Islam is a monotheistic religion of law that is primarily concerned with right practices. It was developed in the Middle East in the seventh century C. E.The word Islam message surrender or submission, this religion was founded on the teaching of the oracle Muha mmad. Imam Ibn Katheer who was a historian and commentator writes in the Tafseer of the verse 17 94-95 which is the Arabic word for Exegesis or Commentary, usually of the Quran said Allah says pointing out His Kindness and Mercy towards His servants, that He sends to them couriers of their own kind so that they will understand what he says and will be able to speak to him directly. If He were to send to umanity a Messenger from among the angels, they would not be able to deal with him face to face and learn from him, as Allah says, Indeed, Allah conferred a great favour on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger (Muhammad) from among themselves. During the age of 40, Muhammad began to receive visions and revelations from a higher(prenominal) power and Muhammad began to tell people about these visions and revelations and gained many followers. These visions and revelations lasted for 23years and became the Quran. Islam has several branches and much variety within those bra nches.The two divisions within the religion are the Sunni and Shia, each of these divisions has different means of maintaining religious authority. One of the combining characteristics of Islam is the phoebe bird pillars, the fundamental practices of Islam. These five practices include 1. Reciting the two-fold Creed (shahada) (profession of faith) There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet (or Muhammad is the courier of God). 2. Prayer (salat) At five set- durations a day while facing towards the city of Mecca. 3.Alms giving (sakat) (zakat- means purification, an act of worship_ Both obligatory and voluntary giving to the poor. 4. Fasting (saum) Especially during the blessed calendar month of Ramadan. 5. Pilgrimage (hajj) At least once in a lifetime to Mecca, Saudi Arabia if at all possible, known as the Hajj. Even though Muslims may observe each of these pillars there is dormant no guarantee of salvation. Islam is based on a religion of self-righteousness. Acco rding to the Islam belief, salvation is found in Allah. In order to receive this salvation as a Muslim one must first evoke themself to the teaching of Islam and the will of Allah.Islam is a religion of salvation by plant life and Islam teaches that forgiveness is conditioned upon equitable works and Allahs choice of mercy. In other word, Muslims believe by pleasing Allah and doing good works, they are gaining an entrance through personal merit. The Quran teaches that salvation is received on the basis of good works. According to Islam on the day of judgement a persons good and evil deeds will be weighed on a scale good works are heavy and evil deeds are light. The person who shows forth with more good deeds then evil, will go to heaven compared to the person whose evil deeds out way the good.Muslims believe that their chances for heaven are good if he 1 accepts the Muslim God Allah and his apostle Mohammed, 2 does good works and all that is required of him by Allah, and 3 is p redestinate to Allahs favour. If anyone desires a religion other than Islam (Submission to Allah), Never will it be accepted of him and in the future tense he will be in the ranks of those who have lost. (Quran 385 cp. 510 2568) In order to know the different views of Islam and Christianity we have to go back to the very beginning of time, the time of exaltation and Eve.The holy books of Islam and Christianity recount the story of decade and Eve in the garden, and how they were told by God not to eat of a certain tree, but they disobeyed God. When linking the belief of salvation with Islam and Christianity the contrarietys begin. Christianity calls whirl and Eves sin the fall of man, when Adam and Eve fell from the grace of God because of their sin. Christians believe that due to Adam and Eves sin, all of mankind will die according to Romans 512. This is because Christianity teaches that all the descendants of Adam and Eve have inherited the ability to sin.Thus Christians beli eve in the doctrine of schoolmaster sin, according to Romans 323 we are all born as sinners. Islam on the other fall out does not teach original sin but original forgiveness, Islam also makes mention of the story of Adam and Eve. In Islam Adam is the first prophet. Islam does state that Adam and Eve did sin in the garden, but contradictory Christianity, that makes no mention of the repentance of Adam and Eve, Islam teaches that they did repent and ask God/ Allah for forgiveness and were fully forgiven, so that their sin had no consequences for the rest of human race according to the Quran. Quran 227) thus Islam teaches original forgiveness and not original sin. Seeing that Christianity teaches original sin and Islam teaches original forgiveness this then brings us to the difference of Salvation. Due to the original sin of Adam and Eve, mankind lost its relationship with God. In order to leave with his children again, God did the topper thing possible, God became flesh, and he be came one of the creatures he made, man. Jesus came to earth because he loves his children he came to deliver truth in a world of false beliefs. But the main condition he came to earth was to be the final sacrifice for their sins.The simple reason was because they were not good comme il faut compared to Gods standard Jesus Christ. Jesus then came into a sinful world to teach the love of God and tell of the new covenant that was put in luff to gain that joining with God. This new covenant was that Jesus Christ himself would pay the penalty for the sins of all humanity and be crucified on a cross, but would rise again in three days to live, having conquered death, to give hope to a hopeless world. By the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, salvation is then given to mankind.His love prompted Him to become man to obtain what only He could, to rescue mankind. Due to the fact that humanity is sinful, in a spiritually wrecked condition they are in inquire of redemption, b ut could not redeem themselves. No other person, but the Creator could accomplish that no man with sin could qualify to redeem them with his life. God came to earth as man to cleanse the effect of the disease of sin inherited to all humanity. God loves his children and he who is perfect, righteous and holy lived among his creatures that are unholy, unrighteous, even those who were enemies of him.While on the other hand Muslims believe that God forgave Adam for what he did and because of that no one should be made to bear the burden of someone elses sin or mistake because it is unfair. This God that the Muslims refer to as Allah is the God and creator of Jesus, and is the same God that Jesus refers to as father to whom he used to pray to. Muslims contradicts the idea that Jesus Christ was crucified on the cross. They believe Allah spared his messengers life from such an embarrassing death and placed Judas on the cross, which God made to look handle Jesus so that he would suffer his rightful penalty for betrayal.Through this teaching Muslims see themselves protect the prophetic integrity of Jesus, since a true prophet, according to Islam, could not suffer the humiliation that Jesus did. Muslims plump for that Jesus ascended to heaven but deny that he died on the cross. Muslims do not feel that it was needed for Jesus to pay for our sins. They believe that every man must bear and pay his or her own sins for Jesus to be punished and responsible for our sins would be unjust in their eyes.Since Muslims do not differentiate the universal and corruptive power of sin, released as a result of original sin, they see no need for salvation. If there is no sin that has a hold on you, you do not need to be saved from it. This is why they do not hold any assurance of salvation. According to their view it is best to live a good life, pleasing God in all that you do. Submit to God and follow his commands. Religion, to the Muslim, does not mean salvation from sin it means fo llowing the right path, or the sharia, mapped out by Islamic law.That is why salvation is exclusively based on works, or what man can do to exalt himself in the eyes of Allah. Although Christians and Muslims dont agree on many things, there are still some things that they both have in common. The first thing they have in common is their view of God. They both believe that there is one God and there is nothing or anyone else interchangeable him. There is no other entity in the entire universe worthy of worship besides him. He was born of a virgin and is the creator of man and this universe and is not created. He is also a sovereign God in the lives of men.He is first, last and everlasting he was when nothing was, and will be when nothing else remains. Despite being called Allah in Islam, this is the same God that Christians believe in. Both view God as all powerful, all knowing, all present, and all merciful. They both believe that only God can grant life to anything and he sent his messenger to guide all of mankind. They believe that God is a just God, but is also a God of principles and finally they both have a holy book that is the only true revealed book in the world that has been kept without change.The second thing that these two religions have in common is death and the afterlife. They believe that this present life that they live is a audition in preparation for the next realm of existence. When a Christian or a Muslim dies the families of both of these religions have a funeral service to remember the loved ones time on earth, as well as their own existence here on earth is brief. Once this funeral service is done both religions place their loves ones back in the earth till the day of judgement where they will be taken up to heaven and judged and other make it to heaven or go to hell.The third and final thing that Christians and Muslims have in common is their holy books and creation. Although they have different names for it and it is written differe ntly, there are still has some similarities, such as the persons, events and the books. In both books you will find that they make mention of, Paul, David, bloody shame and Jesus. Both books contain some of the same events such as the story of Adam and Eve, Cain and Abel, Noah and the flood, Abraham promised a son, dance band and Sodom and Gomorrah and other stories as well make mention of the same people and places.They also have some of the same books such as Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The Quran and the Holy Bible both teach a six day creation. Adam and Eve were created in innocent perfection and placed in a beautiful garden. There Satan tempted them to rebel against God by eating the forbidden fruit, experiencing Gods wrath and judgement, and shift from the garden. In conclusion I have learned that even though these are two different religions, they both hold significant information. This information that is given to all of humanity is the plan of sal vation.Although Christians believe that salvation is based on the grace of God and Muslims believe that salvation is based on good works both teach that this salvation will lead them to judgement were they will either make it to heaven or hell. Even though Christianity was around six hundred years before Islam both believe in one God and his sovereigns to all of mankind and cannot wait till that day when they shall me their God. References http//www. religionfacts. com/christianity/beliefs/salvation. htm http//www. comparativereligion. com/salvation. html14 http//www. ankerberg. com/Articles/_PDFArchives/islam/IS3W0605. df http//www. arabicbible. com/islam/sinsalv. htm http//www. religioustolerance. org/chr_savb. htm http//www. youtube. com/watch? v=mh4_86xxlpA http//carm. org/religious-movements/islam/comparison-grid-between-christianity-and-islamic-doctrine http//www. christchurchcentral. co. uk/toughquestions/islam http//www. allaboutreligion. org/history-of-christianity. htm htt p//www. truechristianity. com/christian/salvation. htm http//www. religionfacts. com/islam/beliefs/salvation. htm http//www. 30-days. net/islam/basics/beliefs/ http//answering-islam. org/Intro/comparison. html

Impact of integrated marketing communication on brands Essay

envision 1 As mentioned above, having a good and effective brand heap be bring home the bacond by sundry(a) factors and approaches and one of these is finished integrate selling communication. Integrated marting communication is subsistn as a strategic coordination of multiple communication voices. The objective of this is to optimize the effect of persuasive communication on two the non-consumer and consumer including trade and professional audiences by coordinating the elements of the merchandise mix which allow in public relations, advertising, package design, promotions and rank marketing (Moore & Thorson 1996).In this regard, it is evident that contrary approach can be put ond to ensure that the culture of the brands is being conveyed on the assed market. Furthermore, IMC is too considered as a strategic approach for coordinating all messages and media employ by a alliance to collectively affect its perceived brand survey (Keegan, Moriarity & Duncan, 1992). In addition, IMC is as well referred to as a cross-function approach for generating and sustaining good relationships with clients by controlling or managing strategically all the culture sent to them and by purposely encouraging two-way dialogues with target market.Integrated marketing communication has been considered to suck an effect in brands. Accordingly, its concept that force backs on managing customer relationship has the ability to drive brand value for the gild and generate desire results (Clowe & Baack 2004). Through the integrated marketing communication, brands argon strategically promoted through the physical exercise of various promotional elements as well as marketing process to communicate the message of the company and the brand to the specified target market (Moore and Thorson, 1996).It has been noted that integrated marketing communication is aiming on victimization direct communication so as to bring behavioural changes among consumers who will purchase a specialised brand (Shimp, 2000). Integrated marketing communication alike relates the message to the client which brings behavioral changes that helps the brand to plant a strong and tight relation with the target market.Furthermore, the context of integrated marketing communication stresses on the significance of coordination and synergy so as to develop and maintain a strong brand image. By using various communication instruments through the integration concept of marketing communications, industries have the ability to use effective methods to strengthen their brands with their target market and promote stronger brand names to their targets (Kotler, 2004).The IMC approach can as well as be considered to affect or act upon brands positively by giving the brands the chance to sustain their rivalrous receipts among clients by identifying the most useful and appropriate methods in communicating and establishing good customer relations, which include strong relationships with stakeholders including the employees, investors, suppliers interest groups and the public in general. The main objective of the communicating brand image is to impress a stable and consistent impression among their clients (Fill, 2002).In addition, Integrated market Communication affects brand in a way that it gives the opportunity for the brand to sustain its marketability. The application of integrated marketing tools can alter the brands to communicate with the other target segment. For instance because of the increasing popularity of the world wide web, each company that invests in having their own website will have the chance to reach consumers locally and internationally.This means that the reach of the brand are also ex slopeed and expanded in the global market. Through the use of integrated marketing communication. With this, brands of different company will be able to Emerge quickly in the marketplace since the tools and approaches of integrated marketing communication w ill act as shop window for many businesses today. In addition, this will also permit the clients to easily know important information about a specific brand and to know the different features a specific brand.In addition, the integrated marketing communication is also important in impacting the brand since this will served as a marketing communicating approach for effectively promoting the brands, which will aim to result in a more sales from other distribution canalises. The rationale for choosing this marketing channel is that Integrated marketing communication can help brands to meet target consumers worldwide and this could be a great opportunity to be developed and in order for brand to be quickly recognised by the target market.In this regard, the overall campaign element of the brand mustiness be integrated so as to attain the desirable marketing communication objectives. It is tell that the target market do not separate or divide sponsorship, advertising, sales promotion, and internet as marketing communications approaches. The clients tend to receive the messages about specific brand from various sources and set up either favourable or unfavourable image of the brand. As far as the company is concerned, the source of the brand information is not that important.What is more essential with is the content of the information conveyed and to what degree the brand promise has been actually delivered to the target market (Fill & Yeshin, 2001). It can be said that all campaign activities lead down to marketing communication and the snappy efficient communication is to comprehend how the clients process the vast amount of information that comes their way each and every(prenominal) day and how it helps the brand to reach their target audience (Fill, 2002).In order to sustain the private-enterprise(a) advantage of the specific brand, the market must be able to select only the important message that the solicitude perceive to be important in enhancing the brand value and ignore the rest. If the marketing information is to be selected and process, the steering must ensure that it include sensory and life experiences which can easily be inflexible and change into a unified context, have affable relationships to other categorized brand ideas, and fit into the categories and mental linkages that consumers have already created for themselves. ConclusionThe context of branding is said to be useful in footing of comprehending and analysing the agonistic position of an geological formation. The brand of the company remains an important part of marketing communication as it is mostly recognised by their clients. It can be said that the heavy consideration on marketing communication in branding can create the impression that the brand can be promoted through the use of integrated marketing communication. In this analysis, it shows that brand image strengths and effectiveness is important to sustain the competitive advantage of the compan y.Much has been said about the importance of having a strong and effective brand image. ground on this analysis, it can be said that a strong and effective brand is something that can influence the choice of the target market and meets the brand personality provided. It can be said that each organisation must have a brand image which addresses the dimensions and characteristics of strong and effective brand. In order to achieve this, the company must be able to manage the brand efficiently. By and large, it can be said that brands have many useful attributes.A brand can be used by the company as promoting recall, as assets, in providing premium and quality in the market, and in generating perceived differentiation. It can also be said that brands is a complex phenomena and it can easily be understood using metaphors much(prenominal) as linking brands into a person. Analysis has shown that to be able to have a strong and effective brand, it must be able to meet the needs and demand s of the clients and the company itself. In addition, analysis shows that the use of integrated marketing communication is an important aspect to make the brand be more attractive and appealing to the target market.It can be concluded that integrated marketing communication affect the brands competitive position by enabling the target market to know more about the brands. And eventually stick out to increasing sales notably, integrated marketing communication can help in new institutional development and launches of the brand. In addition, the study shows that a strong and effective brand has the ability to produce audiences in a multi-channel environment that enables the company to be known in the global market. Second, strong and effective brands can be an outcome of an effective integrated marketing communication approach.Reference Aaker, D. (1991). Manage Brand Equity. rising York The Free Press. Aaker, D. A. & Joachimsthaler, E. (2000). Brand leadership. New York Free Press A sher, J. (1997). Promoting brand identicalness whats your name once more? ABA Banking Journal, Vol. 89. Bailey, S. , & Schultz, D. (2000). Customer/Brand Loyalty in an Interactive Marketplace. Journal of publicizing Research, 40(3), 41. Balmer, M. T. J. 7 Wilson, A. (1998). Corporate identity there is more to it than meets the eye.International Studies of Management & Organization, Vol. 28. Biel, A. (1992). How brand image drives brand equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 32, 6-12. Brassington F, Pettitt S (2000). Principles of Marketing. 2nd edition. Harlow Financial Times Pitman. Clowe& Baack (2007) integrated advertising, promotion and marketing communications 3rd edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. Engel, J. , Blackwell, R. and Miniard, P. (1995). Consumer behavior, eighth ed. Orlando, FL. The Dryden Press. Fill C (2002) Integrated marketing communication.oxford butterworth heineman Laforet, S. & Saunders, J. (1999).Managing brand portfolios Why leaders do what they do. Journ al of Advertising Research, Vol. 39. Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(January), 1-22. Kim, H. , Kim, W. G. , & An, J. A (2003). The effect of consumer-based brand equity on firms financial performance. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 20 (4), 335-351. Kotler, D. (1997). Marketing management Analysis, planning, implementation and control (9th ed.).Upper Saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. (1999). Marketing management analysis, planning, implementation and control (9th ed. ), Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, NJ Prentice. Hall Inc. Kotler et al (2004). Principle of marketing, the European edition. Kotler, P 2001 Marketing Management. Northwestern University Prentice Hall International, Inc. McCombs, M. (2003) Everything you know about branding is wrong, expert advises Guess whos unfeignedly in charge? Available at brandharmony. com. Accessed July 16, 2008.

Curriculum mapping

Answer to why broadcast representping. Comprehensive computer programme maps promote higher achievement levels as the vision of the map is created by a team of education experts not only from within the coach or system, but also includes interchange office personnel and financial statemental leaders. These education leaders involve all the commandment staff of the schooldays to provide data and information about the discipline, skills, and assessments administered in their classes. Important skills, content, and assessments methods are chronologically addressed and add to the schools academic calendar.Teaching load of each instructor is displayed on the map and this shambles it very easy to review as the issues in sequencing of charge become obvious and can be corrected easily if required. So plan mapping is an effective tool to improve teaching skills of the teachers and competency levels of the learner. It is also an effective process for documenting and analyzing what is being taught and when. A very grave benefit of this mapping is the teachers can quickly gauge what students mastered in the preceding grade and plan teaching without wasting time and effort on unnecessary reviewing and re-teaching.Precious teaching time is appropriately utilized in building skills and improves knowledge levels. A well organized computer program map ensures same time line for a given subject topic, being uniformly skilful in all the classes of the same grade. Learning is made more relevant by adverting common points which mean overlaps in course content. Interdisciplinary connections can be made by the teachers in their lesson plans. The students too identify and link information among courses and the teachers can plan lessons at a higher level.In a nutshell all important educational and curricular activities are reflected for every classroom within a department, school, or district level. thorough education of the students in a school is effectively addre ssed. The information is so organized that it presents and provides a timeline of instruction of the complete course for all the teachers. Hayes-Jacobs (1997) said, course of study mapping amplifies the possibilities for long-range planning, short-term preparation, and clear communication.A platform map developed by the teachers in the school helps them to effectively communicate about the course content and related skills that will be used in the classroom. All teaching lesson plans are modified to supply for all the students in class. Teaching program developed in collaboration with other educators and experts in the line of business always have cohesive instructions because they are evolved by integrating curriculum with content standards lead story to formation of customized curriculum guides. Teachers can develop a Blue print for teaching objectives to coordinate instruction both horizontally and vertically.(Kathy Tuchman Glass 2007) shows teachers how to develop a customi zed, personalized process to prepare their curriculum turn folding content into a larger curriculum map. course of study map is an excellent resource not only for teachers but helps curriculum directors, staff developers, and principals to lead there teachers to evolve an academic calendar map for a complete session to educate their students. The components of this mapping serve as a benchmark to condition what students should know and be subject to do.It provides an action plans for school leaders and provides processes to make standards manageable. Educators are able to fork up there mission and vision in an effective manner. Not only the school managers the teachers are able to share resources and are able to teach beyond the details. Public schools can plan to produce thinkers in place of core thinkers with this concept of integrated content plans. Educators who have adopted curriculum mapping, found this is a practical approach to create the culture and structure needed t o effectively align curriculum and contact standards.Roles of district leaders, curriculum directors, principals, and teacher leaders are defined pointing at leadership strategies for each phase, including word of roles and responsibilities. The initiative also provides information and facilitates how leaders can create professional development maps and professional roles maps. In most of the public schools it became clear that a curriculum mapping exercise was an essential backbone to some(prenominal) decision about innovative teaching as it highlighted the depth of innovative activity that is needed to make teaching relevant.Innovative teaching shifts the mindset from quantitative assessment that examines what students know to a mindset of dread, what students are encyclopaedism (Henri, 2002). A curriculum mapping exercise initiates what is taught and when and also assists instructors in reflecting and adjusting their own lesson units (Payne, J. 2001). When referring to teach ing topics educators often babble out of teaching topics. The emphasis is on teaching and topics. To be a curriculum practitioner you require understanding academic-practice knowledge and the array of curriculum work from policymaking to evaluation.Thomas W. Hewitt (2006). Change is inevitable hence it becomes important for students to explore and examines new issues. A serious practitioner understands the necessity to keep mapping the learning path relating to current issues and trends that change both the knowledge and the work of curriculum. When it comes to curriculum mapping, for many educators, there is a gap between the cooking stove and the clock between whats deeply important to us and the way we spend our time (Covey, Merrill & Merrill, 1994, p. 16). sometimes the time factor to convert perspective into practice is ignored at the managerial level.Experienced teachers cannot digest the fact that after effectively teaching for more than a decade why they need a curricu lum map. Muhammad (2009) wrote, Educators personal belief systems may be the most powerful variables perpetuating learning gaps in our public school system (p. 14). At times in order to meet the deadlines of completing the course content teacher may not account for the learning pace of the students and overlook important aspects. According to Schmoker (2006), Mere collegiality wont cut it. Even discussions about curricular issues or popular strategies can feel good but go nowhere.The right image to embrace is a group of teachers who meet regularly to share, right and assess the impact of lessons and strategies continuously to help increasing numbers of students learn at higher levels (p. 178). References 1. Angela Koppang (2004) Curriculum Mapping Building Collaboration and Communication Journal article by Intervention in instill & Clinic, Vol. 39 2. Bena Kallick, Jeff Colosimo, Heidi Hayes Jacobs (Jul 2008) Using Curriculum Mapping & Assessment Data To Improve Learning (Paperback ) newspaper Corwin Press 3. Janet A.Hale, Heidi Hayes Jacobs ( 2007) A Guide To Curriculum Mapping Planning, Implementing, And Sustaining The Process 4. Thomas W. Hewitt (2006) Understanding and determine curriculum what we teach and why 5. Covey, S. R. , Merrill, A. R. , & Merrill, R. R. (1994). First things first. New York Simon & Schuster. 6. Muhammad, A. (2009). Transforming school culture How to overcome staff division. Bloomington, IN Solution Tree. 7. Schmoker, M. (2006). Results now How we can achieve unprecedented improvements in teaching and learning. Alexandria, VA Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.